Imishini yokubhoboza etholakala phansi kwembobo, kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngalolu hlobo lwemishini, akunjalo? Luhlobo lomshini wokubhoboza, ovame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imigodi yezinsimbi zamatshe, imigodi yezinsimbi, imigodi yokuqhuma, imigodi yokugaya kanye nezinye izakhiwo zokubhoboza ekwakhiweni kwasemadolobheni, ezitimeleni, emigwaqweni emikhulu, emfuleni, emandleni kagesi kanye neminye imisebenzi. Kulesi sihloko, iXiaodian izokunikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe ngesakhiwo, isimiso sokusebenza kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemishini yokubhoboza etholakala phansi kwembobo. Ake sibone!
Ukwakheka kwendlela yokusebenza kwento enkulu yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobo.
1. I-Drill stand: I-drill stand iyisivikelo esiqondisayo sokushelela kwedivayisi yokushelela, ukuthuthuka nokuphakanyiswa kwethuluzi lokubhoboza.
2. Igumbi: Inqola iyisakhiwo sebhokisi lesikwele esishiselwe ngamapuleti ensimbi, esisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma nokusekela uhlaka lokubhoboza.
3. Idivayisi ejikelezayo: Le ndlela yakhiwe nge-hydraulic motor, i-spindle mechanism, i-pressure head, i-slide plate kanye ne-central air supply mechanism. Uchungechunge lwendlela yokuqhuba lunamathele epuletini le-slide ngokusebenzisa i-pin shaft kanye ne-spring damping mechanism.
4. Indlela yokuqhuba: Indlela yokuqhuba yakhiwe yinjini ye-hydraulic yokuqhuba, isethi ye-sprocket, uchungechunge kanye nesipilingi se-buffer.
5. Umshini wokukhipha induku: Umshini wokukhipha induku wakhiwe ngomzimba wenduku engenhla, umzimba wenduku engezansi, isilinda sokubopha kanye nesilinda sokukhipha induku.
6. Idivayisi yokususa uthuli: Idivayisi yokususa uthuli ihlukaniswe ngezindlela eziningana njengokususa uthuli olomile, ukususa uthuli olumanzi, ukususa uthuli oluxubile kanye nokususa uthuli lwegwebu.
7. Indlela yokuhamba: Idivayisi yokuhamba yakhiwe ngohlaka lokuhamba, injini ye-hydraulic, i-planetary reducer enezigaba eziningi, ibhande lokukhasa, isondo lokushayela, isondo eliqhutshwayo, kanye nedivayisi yokucindezela.
8. Uhlaka: iyunithi ye-air compressor, idivayisi yokususa uthuli, iyunithi yepompo yethangi likaphethiloli, iqembu lama-valve, i-cab, njll. konke kufakwe kuhlaka.
9. Indlela yokushefa i-fuselage: Le ndlela yakhiwe ngenjini yokushefa, ibhuleki, idivayisi yokushefa, iphini, i-bearing yokushefa njalo njalo.
10. Indlela yokubhoboza ye-rig yokubhoboza: le ndlela yakhiwe ngesilinda yokubhoboza, umgodi we-hinge kanye nesihlalo se-hinge, okungenza i-rig ibhoboze kwesobunxele nakwesokudla futhi kulungiswe i-engeli yokubhoboza.
11. Uhlelo lwe-compressor kanye ne-impactor: Uhlelo lwe-compressor luvame ukuhlonyiswa nge-screw air compressor ukuze lunikeze umoya ocindezelwe ohlelweni lokuhlanza i-jet lwe-impactor enomfutho ophezulu kanye ne-laminar flow dust collector.
Ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kwensiza yokubhoboza esetshenziswa kabanzi
Amathuluzi okubhoboza akhiwe ngepayipi lokubhoboza, inkinobho yenkinobho kanye ne-impactor. Uma ubhoboza, sebenzisa ama-adaptha amabili epayipi lokubhoboza ukuze ubhoboze ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali. Indlela yokuphakelwa komoya ejikelezayo iqukethe injini ejikelezayo, i-rotary reducer, kanye nedivayisi ejikelezayo yokuphakelwa komoya. I-slewing reducer iyingxenye evaliwe yobulili obuhlukile yegiya lesilinda elinezigaba ezintathu, eligcotshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo yi-spiral oiler. Idivayisi ejikelezayo yokuphakelwa komoya iqukethe umzimba oxhumanisayo, uphawu, umgodi ongenalutho kanye nejoyinti lepayipi lokubhoboza. Ifakwe ama-clamp e-pneumatic okuxhuma nokukhipha ipayipi lokubhoboza, i-Photinia. Indlela yokulungisa ingcindezi yokuphakamisa iphakanyiswa yimoto ephakamisayo ngosizo lwe-lifting reducer, iketanga lokuphakamisa, indlela yokubhoboza kanye nethuluzi lokubhoboza. Ohlelweni lweketanga elivaliwe, kufakwa isilinda esilawula ingcindezi, ibhulokhi ye-pulley ehambayo kanye ne-ejenti engangeni manzi. Lapho isebenza ngokujwayelekile, induku ye-piston yesilinda esilawula ingcindezi isunduza ibhulokhi ye-pulley ukuze ithuluzi lokubhoboza likwazi ukubhoboza i-decompression.
Isimiso sokusebenza se-rig yokubhoboza phansi emgodini
Umgomo wokusebenza we-drill rig engaphansi kwembobo ufana nowe-drill ejwayelekile ye-impact rotary pneumatic rock drill. Ama-drill e-pneumatic rock drill ahlanganisa indlela yokushaya i-impact slewing, futhi adlulisele umthelela ku-drill bit ngenduku yokubhoboza; kuyilapho umshini wokubhoboza ongaphansi kwembobo uhlukanisa indlela yokushaya (i-impactor) bese ucwila phansi emgodini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-drill ijule kangakanani, i-drill bit ifakwa ngqo ku-impactor, futhi amandla okushaya awadluliselwa ngepayipi lokubhoboza, okunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okushaya.
Ngokwanda kokujula kokubhoboza kwentonga yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobo kanye nomshini wokubhoboza amatshe, ukulahleka kwamandla okubhoboza amatshe ezinduku zokubhoboza ezingaphansi kwembobo kanye namajoyinti (imbobo ephakathi, ukubhoboza imbobo ejulile), njll. kuyanda, isivinini sokubhoboza siyancipha kakhulu, futhi izindleko ziyancipha. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kokukhiqiza, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokubhoboza, intonga yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobo yakhelwe ubunjiniyela bangempela. Intonga yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobo nayo inikwa amandla umoya ocindezelwe, futhi isimiso sayo sokusebenza ukuthi i-pneumatic impactor yentonga yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobo ifakwe engxenyeni engaphambili yepayipi lokubhoboza kanye ne-drill bit. Lapho kubhobozwa, indlela yokuqhuba igcina ithuluzi lokubhoboza liqhubekela phambili, lisebenzisa ingcindezi ethile ye-axial phansi kwembobo, futhi lenze i-drill bit ixhumane nedwala elingaphansi kwembobo; Ngaphansi kwesenzo, i-piston iphinda futhi ithinte i-drill bit ukuze iqedele umthelela edwaleni. Umoya ocindezelwe ungena usuka endleleni yokuhambisa umoya ojikelezayo bese ufinyelela phansi emgodini ngenduku engenalutho, bese kuthi i-powder yedwala eliphukile ikhishwe esikhaleni esiphakathi kwepayipi lokubhoboza nodonga lwembobo iye ngaphandle komgodi. Kungabonakala ukuthi umongo wokubhoboza idwala elingaphansi kwembobo ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela ezimbili zokuchoboza idwala, umthelela kanye nokujikeleza. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela kwe-axial, umthelela uyaphazamiseka futhi ukujikeleza kuyaqhubeka. Ngaphansi kwesenzo, idwala liqhubeka liphuka futhi lisikwa. amandla kanye namandla okucheba. Ekubhobozeni idwala elingaphansi kwembobo, amandla omthelela adlala indima ehamba phambili.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobo
Isakhiwo se-drilling rig engaphansi kwembobo sihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe nohlobo oluhlukanisiwe. Ngokwendlela yokukhipha umoya, sihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ukukhishwa komoya ohlangothini kanye nokukhishwa komoya okuphakathi. Sihlukaniswe ngokwesimo se-carbide ehlanganisiwe ebusweni bokusebenza bomshini wokubhola ongaphansi kwembobo. Kukhona ama-drill e-blade DTH, ama-drill e-DTH e-column tooth kanye nama-drill e-DTH ahlanganisiwe e-blade-to-blade.
I-integral drilling rig ehlanganisiwe iyi-single body drilling down-the-hole rig eyakhiwe ngekhanda nomsila. Kulula ukuyicubungula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, okunganciphisa ukulahleka kokudluliselwa kwamandla. Inkinga ukuthi lapho ubuso obusebenzayo bomshini wokubhoboza down-the-hole bonakalisiwe, buzolahlwa bubonke. I-model drilling rig ehlanganisiwe ihlukaniswe nomsila (umsila wokubhoboza) we-down-the-hole rig, futhi lokhu kokubili kuxhunywe ngezintambo ezikhethekile. Lapho ikhanda le-down-the-hole rig lonakele, umsila wokubhoboza usengagcinwa ukuze kulondolozwe insimbi. Kodwa-ke, isakhiwo siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa amandla kuyancipha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-25-2023
