Emkhakheni omkhulu wobunjiniyela besimanje, kunezimangaliso zobuchwepheshe ezingenakubalwa ezisivumela ukuthi sihlole futhi sisebenzise izinsiza zomhlaba ngempumelelo. Enye into entsha enjaloumshini wokubhoboza phansi emgodini, ithuluzi elibalulekile embonini yezimayini neyokwakha lokumba ngokujulile. Namuhla sihlola umhlaba othakazelisayo wemishini yokumba engaphansi kwemigodi, sigxile kumkhiqizo waseShayina ohlonishwa kakhulu, osube ngumholi embonini.
Imishini yokubhoboza etholakala phansi, eyaziwa nangokuthiImishini yokubhoboza i-DTH, yimishini ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukubhoboza imigodi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokwakheka kwamadwala. Yakhiwe ngesando esinamandla se-hydraulic noma se-pneumatic esishaya i-drill bit efakwe ekugcineni kwentambo yokubhoboza. Umthelela wesivinini esikhulu wesando ushayela i-bit edwaleni ukuze kubhobozwe kahle ngisho nasezindaweni ezinzima. Lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bushintshe kakhulu izimboni zezimayini nezokwakha, okwenza kube nokumba okusheshayo nokungabizi kakhulu kunezindlela zokubhoboza zendabuko.
Njengomholi womhlaba wonke kwezokukhiqiza kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezimboni, iShayina ibone ukwanda kwemikhiqizo eminingi eyaziwayo embonini yemishini yokumba engaphansi kwembobo. Phakathi kwayo, umkhiqizo weKaishan uzizakhele indawo ngokuzibophezela kwawo ekhwalithini, ekuthembekeni kanye nobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu. Yasungulwa ngo-1956, iKaishan Group ikhule yaba ngomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bemishini yomoya, imishini yokumba kanye nemishini yokumba eShayina. Imishini yabo yokumba engaphansi kwembobo idumile ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka kwayo.
Le yindawo ka Kaishanimishini yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobozenzelwe ukubhekana namaphrojekthi okumba anzima kakhulu ngokunemba okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ama-rig abo afakwe izinhlelo ze-hydraulic kanye ne-pneumatic zesimanje ukuze kube namandla athembekile kanye nesivinini sokumba esiphezulu. Ukuzibophezela komkhiqizo emisha kubonakala ekuhlanganisweni kwezinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukisiwe, izici ezenzakalelayo kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha eziqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe. Lawa ma-rig anamakhono okumba amangalisayo, avumela abaqhubi ukuthi bangene kalula edwaleni eliqinile, ukhonkolo kanye nezinye izindawo ezinzima.
Ukuhlukile kweKaishanImishini yokubhoboza i-DTHIlele ekuphishekeleni kwayo okungapheli kwekhwalithi nokuthembeka. Lo mkhiqizo unamathela enkambisweni yokulawula ikhwalithi eqinile kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhiqiza, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umshini ngamunye uhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zemboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imizamo yocwaningo nentuthuko eqhubekayo yeKaishan ibavumela ukuthi balondoloze isikhundla esiphambili futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza komkhiqizo njalo. Ngokulalela ngokucophelela impendulo yamakhasimende nokufaka izixazululo ezintsha, iKaishan isibe uphawu oluthembekile embonini.
IKaishan iphinde yenza intuthuko enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokubhoboza obuluhlaza, ngokuhambisana nokuzibophezela kweShayina ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwemvelo. Ama-rig abo aklanyelwe ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokunciphisa umthelela emvelweni. Ngokuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokuhlunga nezokuhlanza ezithuthukisiwe, la ma-rig awagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokubhoboza kodwa futhi akhuthaza nemikhuba yokunaka imvelo embonini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzibophezela kweKaishan ekwanelisekeni kwamakhasimende kubonakala nasenkonzweni yayo ephelele yangemva kokuthengisa kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe. Lo mkhiqizo usungule inethiwekhi eqinile yezikhungo zesevisi kanye nochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kahle ukuqinisekisa usizo olusheshayo kanye nokugcinwa kwemikhiqizo yawo. Lokhu kuzinikela ekuhlinzekeni amakhasimende kuthole iKaishan isisekelo samakhasimende esithembekile eShayina nakwamanye amazwe.
Njengoba iShayina iqhubeka nokuba phambili ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwamadolobha kanye nengqalasizinda, isidingo sobuchwepheshe bokubhoboza obuthuthukisiwe kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule kakhulu.imishini yokubhoboza engaphansi kwembobobadlale indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nalezi zidingo, befaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwamaphrojekthi amaningi okwakha kanye nezimayini ezweni lonke. Ngokuzibophezela okuqinile ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha, ikhwalithi kanye nokusimama kwemvelo, uphawu lweKaishan luzochaza kabusha indinganiso yokumba phansi eChina nangale kwayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-25-2023
