Njengoba ukwanda kokungena kwamandla avuselelekayo kuqhubeka, ukuthuthukiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla isikhathi eside sekuyinto evamile, futhi izindlela zobuchwepheshe zokugcina amandla isikhathi eside okukhulu zifaka phakathi isitoreji esipompiwe, isitoreji esishisayo sikasawoti oncibilikisiwe, isitoreji samandla oketshezi, isitoreji somoya ocindezelwe, kanye nesitoreji se-hydrogen ezigabeni ezinhlanu. Kulesi sigaba, ukusetshenziswa kwesitoreji esipompiwe yikho okuvuthwa kakhulu, kodwa izinzuzo zokugcina amandla omoya ocindezelwe zinkulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuhlanzeka, futhi kungasusa imikhawulo yendawo, kulindeleke ukuthi kube yisengezo sesitoreji esipompiwe.
Isitoreji samandla omoya ocindezelwe singesesitoreji samandla sesikhathi eside, singatholakala isikhathi eside esingaphezu kwamahora ama-4 noma izinsuku, izinyanga zomjikelezo wokushaja nokukhipha amandla ohlelweni lokugcina amandla, ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla okusha endimeni yezinzuzo ezivelele.
Ngokusho komqondisi wesikhungo socwaningo nentuthuko se-academy of sciences Institute of engineering thermophysics energy storage kanye nentuthuko u-XuYuJie, esikhathini esizayo, uhlelo lwamandla lwezwe lethu luhlobo olusha lwamandla amasha njengohlelo lwamandla oluyinhloko, kanye namandla omoya, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kanye nokunye ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngokuguquguquka kanye nokufinyelela okungavamile kugridi yamandla, uma kunesidingo esikhulu, kuzodala izingozi zokuphepha. Okwamanje, isidingo sohlelo lokugcina amandla njengezinsiza ezilawulayo eziguquguqukayo zokulawula uhlelo lwamandla. Isitoreji samandla omoya ocindezelwe siyinto evelele.
“Ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla emoyeni ocindezelwe abuyinto entsha, ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokugcina amandla emoyeni ocindezelwe busetshenziswe eJalimane, e-United States iminyaka eminingi, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokugcina amandla emoyeni ocindezelwe buncike kumafutha angaphansi komhlaba, isidingo semihume emikhulu yemvelo, ukusebenza kahle kokugcina amandla kuphansi kanye nezinye izinkinga, ukukhushulwa okukhulu kuhlala kunqunyelwe.” UXu Yujie uthe uhlelo lokugcina amandla emoyeni ocindezelwe oluthuthukisiwe lwaseShayina luphinda lusebenzise ukushisa okucindezelwe, alusasebenzisi amafutha angaphansi komhlaba, futhi lungasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene njengamadivayisi okugcina angaphezulu komhlaba, amakamelo okwenziwa kanye nemihume yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba ukwakha amakamelo okugcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo luthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokugcina amandla.
Njengamanje, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla omoya obucindezelwe obusezingeni eliphezulu obungama-MW ayi-100, iShayina yakhe isiteshi sokuqala samandla okubonisa isitoreji samandla omoya obucindezelwe obusezingeni eliphezulu obungama-MW ayi-100, futhi yaxhunywa ngempumelelo kugridi ukuze ikhiqize ugesi. Isiteshi samandla sitholakala eZhangbei County, eSifundazweni saseHebei, umhlaba wonke wakhiwe futhi wasebenza kulo msebenzi, ukusebenza okukhulu kakhulu nokuhle kakhulu kwesitshalo samandla omoya omusha ocindezelwe. Singakhiqiza ugesi ofinyelela ku-132 million kWh ngonyaka, okuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwamandla okuphezulu kubasebenzisi abangaba ngu-50,000. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, singasindisa amathani angu-42,000 amalahle ajwayelekile futhi sinciphise amathani angu-109,000 okukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide minyaka yonke.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokugcina amandla egesi ecindezelwe kunezinye izinhlobo ezintsha zokugcina amandla? Sekukonke, kungafingqwa njengokuphephile, ukuphila isikhathi eside kanye namandla okuqhuma aqinile. Okokuqala, ukugcina amandla egesi ecindezelwe kuphephile kakhulu. Thatha iphrojekthi yokugcina amandla e-carbon dioxide njengesibonelo, ngoba uketshezi lwe-carbon dioxide kulula kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukugcinwa kwayo kudinga kuphela ama-megapascal ambalwa okucindezela, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokugcinwa kwegesi okucindezelwe okuphezulu okubangelwa ingozi efihliwe, ngesikhathi esifanayo i-carbon dioxide ayinabo ubuthi, ayishisi futhi ayiqhumi, ukuphepha kwayo kuhle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba konke kuyimishini, impilo yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla omoya ocindezelwe ingafinyelela eminyakeni engama-30-50 ngaphansi kokulungiswa okuvamile. "Ukugcinwa kwamandla omoya ocindezelwe kuyinqubo ebonakalayo esekelwe ekujikelezeni kokushisa, enezinzuzo zemvelo maqondana nokuphepha kanye nokwehla kokusebenza, futhi kubhekwa njengobunye bobuchwepheshe obukhulu bokugcina amandla obuthembisayo." Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinzuzo, uChen Haisheng, umcwaningi e-Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, uthe ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla emoyeni ocindezelwe kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kunesidingo esikhulu semakethe sokufezwa kwezinhloso zezwe ze-dual-carbon kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemvelo.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi ukuqhuma kwamandla okugcina amandla emoyeni ocindezelwe kunamandla kakhulu. Lokhu kungasebenza ngqo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Uma kwenzeka izinjini zedizili ezisetshenziswa emikhunjini emikhulu, isibonelo, umoya ocindezelwe uvame ukugcinwa ethangini lokucindezela futhi usebenze ngqo episton nge-valve ekhethekile yokuqalisa ukuze uphendule i-crankshaft ngaphambi kokuqala ukufaka uphethiloli. Lokhu kulungiswa kuncane kakhulu futhi kushibhile kunenjini yokuqalisa kagesi enobukhulu obufanayo, futhi kunganikeza ukuqhuma kwamandla aphezulu kakhulu okudingekayo ngaphandle kokubeka imithwalo eminingi kujeneretha yomkhumbi kanye nohlelo lokusabalalisa.
Ngezinhlelo zokugcina amandla omoya ocindezelwe, iShayina iqinisa kakhulu imiboniso emikhulu kanye nezicelo, iqoqa ulwazi ekuklanyweni nasekukhiqizweni kobunjiniyela, futhi ithuthukisa uchungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele noluvuthiwe ukuze kusheshiswe ukwakhiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 14-2023
