Njengomkhiqizi wemishini yokumba imithombo yamanzi womoya, siyaqonda ukuthi izinsimbi zokumba imithombo yamanzi womoya kufanele zisebenzise izindlela ezihlukene lapho zihlangabezana nezingqimba ezihlukene zokwakheka komhlaba enqubweni yokumba ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle. Kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nezingqimba ezihlukene ze-geological, njengongqimba lwesihlabathi esisheshayo kanye nongqimba lwe-gypsum. Uma i-gypsum intrusion yenzeka ngesikhathi sokumba isikhonkwane sokumba umthombo wamanzi womoya, ama-ion e-calcium angasuswa ngokuhambela umlotha wesoda, ukukhishwa kwe-calcium nokunciphisa i-viscosity. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-ejenti yokunciphisa i-viscosity enokumelana ne-calcium eqinile ingasetshenziswa ukulawula ukunciphisa i-viscosity futhi yenze ukuntuleka kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokuhlunga, i-anti-collapse agent nezinye izinto.
I. Gypsum layer
Ngaphambi kokumba ungqimba lwe-gypsum, uketshezi lokumba lwe-rig lwenziwa ngaphambili ukuze kuncishiswe isigaba esiqinile kanye ne-viscosity, futhi kuhileleke ama-anti-gypsum agents (isib., i-soda ash, i-calcium remover, i-viscosity reducer, njll.). Futhi ngokusho kwezinto zokwakha zemithombo engomakhelwane, i-ejenti yokwelapha yokwelapha ungqimba lwe-gypsum ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Thuthukisa inani le-pH loketshezi lokumba lomshini wokumba wemithombo yamanzi, bese uthuthukisa ikhono lemishini encane yokumba imithombo yamanzi ukuze imelane nokungcoliswa kwe-gypsum.
Okwesibili, ungqimba lwesihlabathi esisheshayo
Lapho ubhoboza ekubunjweni kwesihlabathi esisheshayo, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa i-viscosity yoketshezi lokubhoboza kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-bentonite yomthombo wamanzi wokumba i-rig yokumba uketshezi, ngokuvamile okudingekayo ukuba ibe ngaphezu kuka-10%. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kodonga loketshezi lokumba lomgodi wamanzi, ukuguguleka kongqimba lwesihlabathi esisheshayo kuncipha ngemva kokunciphisa ngokufanelekile ukufuduka kuphrojekthi. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukumba, le ngxenye kufanele ivalwe ngodaka oluwugqinsi olune-viscosity engaphezu kuka-80 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqala nokuma okushelelayo kokumba, ukugawulwa kukagesi kanye nokumbozwa kwemishini emincane yokumba imithombo yamanzi.
III. I-quartz sandstone
Uma kwenzeka i-sandstone iyidwala eliqine kakhulu, inqubo yokumba ivame ukubonakala inqubekela phambili yokumba ehamba kancane. Kungase kube namamitha amabili esihlabathi lapho kubhora imitha elilodwa, amathuluzi okumba agxuma ngamandla, ama-slag cuttings amaningi kanye namaphutha okumba agqitshiwe. Ngakho kudingeka ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kwendawo.
Amanzi acwebile awanakho ukuthambisa okufana nodaka, futhi amathuluzi okumba edwaleni eliqinile agxuma kakhulu kangangokuba idwala liyaphuka lapho amathuluzi okumba egxuma phezulu; Amanzi acwebile anendawo enkulu yokuhlunga, futhi uketshezi olushaywayo alukwazi ukuthwala ama-rock chips aya ngokwandayo aphume embobeni. Amatshe amatshe anjengesihlabathi ayelokhu entanta futhi ecwila emgodini. Uma kusetshenziswa ishubhu lokukhipha impushana, kungase kubhojwe imitha elilodwa noma amabili esihlabathi. Ukunganaki okuncane kungase kugqibe i-drill, futhi isihlabathi esiningi sizodala inkinga enkulu ekususeni umgodi.
Itshe lesanti ngesikhathi sokufaka isicelo lakhiwa ngokubeka futhi liyidwala eliqine kakhulu. Umgodi omncane wokumba amanzi womshini womoya lapho umba umgodi awushoni kakhulu (303354200 m), ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe-diamond drill bit clear drilling, slurry othomathikhi, okuvamise ukubonakaliswa ezithombeni zokumba kancane, imitha eyodwa yokumba ividiyo ingaveza amamitha amabili. yesihlabathi, ithuluzi lokumba ukugxuma okujulile, i-slag, idwala eliqoshiwe ngaphezulu, ukwehluleka kokumba kungcwatshwe nokunye.
Isixazululo: Uma ukubhola ngodaka kungekona ukonga, unganciphisa ukwenzeka kwesihlabathi ngokusika inani lezinto ezincane zokumba imithombo yamanzi egxumayo, ungangeza izithasiselo ze-nitro acid kanye ne-alkali emanzini ukuze udlale indima yokuthambisa ukudlidliza, ngakho-ke. ukuthi ungakwazi ukunciphisa inani lama-rigs jumping kanye nesihlabathi, bese unamathela ekuhlanzweni kwemigodi yokumba ye-pneumatic water drilling rigs, futhi ekugcineni uxazulule inkinga!
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-19-2024
